|
| TABLE 8 - Continued. |
| Climatic Data - Rainfall received during the growth period of 2nd Adsali crop and |
| 1st Ratoon of previous Adsali crop |
| Dates of Irrigation (Ugar) | |
| |
| 2nd Adsali |
Ratoon |
2nd Adsali |
Ratoon |
| 12/9/97 |
4/1/98 |
25/6/98 |
3/5/98 |
| 5/12/97 |
17/1/98 |
16/7/98 |
30/5/98 |
| 19/12/97 |
10/2/98 |
10/9/98 |
10/6/98 |
| 29/1/98 |
25/2/98 |
31/10/98 |
20/6/98 |
| 20/2/98 |
13/3/98 |
27/11/98 |
24/9/98 |
| 16/1/98 |
25/3/98 |
Total 13 Irrigations |
4/11/98 |
| 30/4/98 |
12/4/98 |
|
18/11/98 |
| 23/5/98 |
22/4/98 |
|
Total 15 Irrigations |
| TABLE 9 |
| Climatic Data - Temperature and Humidity during the growth period of Adsali and crop (Ugar) |
| Sr.No. |
Period of observation |
Average Maximum Temp. (0C) |
Average Minimum Temp (0C.) |
Humidity (%) |
| 1) |
1-1-98 to 15-1-98 |
28.57 |
21.00 |
0.00 |
| 2) |
16-1-98 to 31-1-98 |
27.85 |
21.28 |
0.00 |
| 3) |
1-2-98 to 15-2-98 |
29.76 |
21.53 |
52.46 |
| 4) |
16-2-98 to 28-2-98 |
29.33 |
19.50 |
57.50 |
| 5) |
1-3-98 to 15-3-98 |
32.00 |
20.84 |
62.15 |
| 6) |
16-3-98 to 31-3-98 |
34.57 |
21.84 |
51.46 |
| 7) |
1-4-98 to 15-4-98 |
37.00 |
22.25 |
57.80 |
| 8) |
16-4-98 to 30-4-98 |
38.00 |
20.57 |
50.11 |
| 9) |
1-5-98 to 15-5-98 |
38.41 |
28.08 |
0.00 |
| 10) |
16-5-98 to 31-5-98 |
39.37 |
26.37 |
0.00 |
| 11) |
1-6-98 to 15-6-98 |
36.15 |
20.64 |
64.45 |
| 12) |
16-6-98 to 30-6-98 |
33.20 |
25.26 |
76.46 |
| 13) |
1-7-98 to 15-7-98 |
29.22 |
24.65 |
84.00 |
| 14) |
16-7-98 to 31-7-98 |
28.80 |
24.65 |
83.66 |
| 15) |
1-8-98 to 15-8-98 |
30.80 |
24.12 |
84.00 |
| 16) |
16-8-98 to 31-8-98 |
30.50 |
25.50 |
84.00 |
| 17) |
1-9-98 to 15-9-98 |
30.50 |
24.00 |
83.66 |
| 18) |
16-9-98 to 30-9-98 |
30.50 |
24.00 |
84.00 |
| 19) |
1-10-98 to 15-10-98 |
30.50 |
23.50 |
83.00 |
| 20) |
16-10-98 to 31-10-98 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
| 21) |
1-11-98 to 15-11-98 |
33.66 |
23.00 |
91.00 |
| 22) |
16-11-98 to 30-11-98 |
31.46 |
20.00 |
59.60 |
| 23) |
1-12-98 to 15-12-98 |
29.33 |
18.33 |
57.60 |
| 24) |
16-12-98 to 31-12-98 |
27.86 |
16.42 |
55.28 |
| |
Range Value Average Difference |
27 to 35 degree C |
18 to 28 degree |
50 to 91 % |
|
|
|
33 degree C |
23 degree C |
0.70 |
From the 2nd week of August to 3rd week of November 98, the crop received 346.25 mm rains on 25 days in 4 months period with high rainfall (80.00 mm) during the 2nd week of October 98 . In total, the crop received 586.50 mm rain in 42 days in 7 months period. High rainfall from 7-10-98 to 20-11-98 must have adversely affected the crop growth during the maturity phase of the crop. Maximum and minimum temperatures were also fairly high creating unfavorable conditions for the accumulation of sugar in cane thereby affecting average cane weight.
If we now look to the cane yield data in different treatments (Table 6), it is not surprising that, the cane yield levels in all treatments are very low. The yield variation in different treatments is from 21.6 MT/acres in control to 32.4 MT/acres in treatment 6 Treatments 5 and 6 received 1/2 the dose of V.C. + 1/2 the dose of C.F, and 1/4th dose of V.C. + 3/4th dose of C.F. respectively. Though the magnitude of difference between treatment 2 (Recommended dose of N, P, K fertilizers) and treatments 5 and 6 is narrow or marginal, the treatment effect is significant over control treatment. Application of V.C. alone (T3) also did not result in getting higher cane yield (probably due to very slow rate of mineralisation due to unfavorable climatic conditions) producing deficient supply of nutrients for normal growth of the crop. It is however, interesting to note that in spite of unfavorable conditions for the growth and maturity of Ratoon crop as seen by very low cane weight, less height, less number of
internodes and low population of millable canes (Average 28460 canes per acer), the yield achieved in treatments 5 and 6 is quite encouraging-if we consider the saving in both chemical fertilizers as well as in the dose of V.C. applied. Thus, the application of N, P, K at only 50% level can give fair yield in the presence of V.C. (one toacre) supporting the trend noted in case of first Adsali crop. All growth attributes showed significant effect of treatments when compared with the values noted in no manure, no fertilizer control treatment.
In spite of unfavorable effect of the climate on Ratoon yield and its growth parameters (Table 6), the pol % cane in Treatments 1 to 5 was fairly normal and low in treatment 6. In respect of sugar recovery per cent the values noted were surprisingly high being highest in treatments 3 and 4 (14.02 and 14.04) which received vermicompost at full rate or at 3/4th rate respectively. From monetary benefit point of view, beneficial effect of V.C. on sugar recovery is a plus point for a Sugar Factory. All factories in the region, if they pay attention to the said aspect, they can produce more sugar per season from all areas which receive vermicompost at the recommended rate. Treatment 6 showed the lowest level of sugar recovery (12.18%) inspite of highest level of cane yield. it may be due to dilution effect due to higher biomass for the total sugar accumulated and low dose of vermicompost which was inadequate to produce the desired effect as in treatments 3 and 4. It can be concluded that, when climatic conditions are unfavorable for the normal crop growth, the application of vermicompost at 5 MT/ha. may not help in increasing the crop yield, but it will certainly help in giving higher sugar recovery as seen from the data reported in table 6 above.
3) First Adsali crop of Sugarcane at Ainapur harvested in December 1997 :
The agronomic observations, cane yield and juice quality data at harvest stage are reported in Tables 10, 11 and 12 respectively, The soil at Ainapur site is a fertile one. It is therefore helped to promote better growth of the crop resulting in higher population of millable canes, good mature height, very good girth, cane weight and hydrometer Brix reading as seen from the data reproduced in Table 10. Application of Vermicompost at 5 MT/acre alone (T3) resulted in getting highest population of millable canes (37320/acre), higher mature height, higher number of internodes and higher girth, while application of 1/2 the dose of V.C. together with 1/2 the dose of C.F. (T5) resulted in giving highest girth, highest cane weight and highest H.R.Brix reading.
Molybdenum deficiency produces whip-tail in cauliflower, broccoli and other Brassica crops. The deficiency of this element reduces the activity of the symbiotic and non-symbiotic nitrogen-fixing micro-organisms.
It was in 1954 that chlorine was proved to be an essential micronutrient. Its defficiency under field conditions has not been reported so far. In water-culture solutions, the leaves of chlorosis, necrosis and an unusual bronze discolouration on tomatoes.
Sodium is not an essential element for plant growth. But some crops, such as beet, celery, cabbage, kale, knol-khol, radish, rape and turnip, benefit greatly by application of soluble sodium salts, specially if the soil is deficient in potassium. Sodium is also of direct benefit to plants indigneous to the sea-shore or to irrigated arid regions. Salts of this element are said to release more of potassium from the exchange complex and to help to maintain phosphorus in a more available form. They also serve as a partial substitute for potassium in the case of potatoes and cotton.
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