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KHARIF PULSES
Green-gram, (Phaseolus aureus Roech); black-gram, (P munge Linnaeus),
red-gram, (Cajanus cajan Linnaeus); cowpea, (Vigna catjang Walker)

1. Galerucid beetle, Madurasia obscurella Jacoby Adult beetles feed on foilage and make small circular holes in the leaves; active during July-October Apply Phorate 10G or Disulfotan 5G granules @ 1.5 kg/ha at the time of sowing, or dust 5% BHC
2.

Jassid, Empoasca herri Pruthi

 Nymphs and adults remain on the underside of the leaves and suck the sap; leaves turn brown and crumple The same as above, or spray twice 0.03% Monocrotophos, Phosphamidon, Dimethoate or Methyl-demeton
3. Plume moth borer, Exelastis atomosa Walsingham Aspecific pest of red-gram; slender buff-colored moths, having plumose wings; greenish-brown hairy caterpillars feed on flowers and later on bore into pods to feed on the developing seeds inside Dust with 4% Carbaryl +5% DDT or spray with 0.04% Monocrotophos or 0.05% Endosulfan
4. Gram pod fly, Agromyza obtusa Mallas A serious pest of red-grain; the small metallic-black fly lays eggs on pods; maggots bore into the pods and feed on the seeds; occasionally early in the season, grubs mine leaves Practice clean cultivation; sow resistant varieties; dust 4% Carbaryl +5% LDT or spray 0.05% Monocrotophos or Dimethoate when the maggots are inside the leaves
5. Hairy caterpillars : Amsacta moorei Butlei
A. albistriga Walker Diacrisia obliqua Walker
B. Euproctis fraterna Moore
C. E. scintillans Walker		 Polyphagous; caterpillars feed gregariously and voraciously on foilage Dust 10% BHC or sprey 0.05% Dichlorvos (DDVP), earlier instars of caterpillars are easier to control
6. Cowpea stem fly,
Melangromyza phaseoli Coquillett		 A small blue-black fly, thrusts eggs into the epedermis of soft stems; pale-yellow maggots after mining leaves travel towards stem through the petiole and kill the young plants; the vigour of old plants is adversely affected The same as for the gram pod fly
7. Aphids : Aphis craccivora Koch
A. cardui L.		 Colonies of nymphs and adults infest the tender growing shoots, flowers and young pods and suck the sap; infested parts dry and no pod or seed formation takes place Same as in the case of jassid
8. Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius The flies suck the sap from leaves and tender growing parts, which dry and wither. They act as the vector of yellow mosaic of legumes. Same as in the case of jassid
9. Sphinx moth, Agrius convolvuli Linnaeus Stout dark-brown moth; horned caterpillars defoliate plants by feeding voraciously Dust 10% BHC
10. Leaf caterpillars, Azazia rubicans Biosduval Sporadic : the adult moth resembles a dry leaf; green caterpillars feed on leaves and tender plant parts Dust 10% BHC or 4% Carbaryl
11. Gram pod borer, Helicoverpa (Heliothis) obsoleta Fabricius Polyphagous; moth yellowish brown; caterpillar green, with dark broken grey lines, feed on foilage, later on bore into pods and feed on the seeds within Dust 4% Carbaryl or spray 0.05% Endosulfan, 0.04% Monocrotophos

RABI PULSES
Gram (Cicer arietinum); pea ( Pisum arvense and P. sativum)

1. Gram caterpillars : Helicoverpa (Heliothis) armigera Hubner

H. zea, Boddie (obsoleta Fabricius)

 Polyphagous; moths stout, light brown; caterpillars yellowish, make holes in pods and feed on the seeds within Dust 4% Carbaryl or spray 0.05% Endosulfan or 0.04% Monocrotophos
2. Other pod borers : Etiella zinckenella Treitdche

 

 


Adisura athinsoni Moore

 

Maruca testutalis Geyer

 Adult, greyish rown, with a distinct pale white band along the front margin of the forewings; tiny greenish caterpillars, with 5 black spots on the prothoracic shield, enter the pods and eat the seeds; more serious on green pea, specially in nothern India

A serious pest in Karnataka; moths pale-yellowish brown; the brownish-green caterpillars feed on the seeds by boring into the ripening pods

A minor pest; adults with fuscous forewings, having transverse white markings; pale-brownish caterpillars bore into the pods of various pulses (kharif pulses as well) to eat seeds inside

 Same as above
3. Cut worms : Agrotis psilon Hubner

 

A. flammatra Schiffer-Mueller

 

A. segetum Schiffer-Mueiller
A. spinifere Hubner
Aphids : Aphis crassivora Koch

 

A. medicagenis Koch
Macrosiphum pisi Hubner		 Polyphagous; nocturnal, stout larvae, feed on leaves of young plants and cut the older ones at the ground level

 

 

 

 

 

Colonies of nymphs and adults attack tender shoots, flowers and young pods and suck the sap; infested parts dry up. A. medicagenis is black, whereas M. pisi is green, and A. crassivora is brownish

Rake into the soil 5% Aldrin, Heptachlor or Chlordane and dust the crop with 10% BHC

 

 

 

 

 

Spray 0.03% Monocrotophos, Dimethoate, Dicrotophos, Methyl-demeton or Phosphamidon
4. Pea leaf-miner : Phytomza atzicornis Meigen A major pest of pea; Polyphagous; maggots make zigzag mines in the leaves; eat green matter and pupate inside; infected leaves become whitish and dry up Spray 0.03% Monocrotophos, Dimethoate, Dicrotophos, Methyl-demeton or Phosphamidon
5. Pea stem fly, Melanagromyza phaseoli Coquillett A major pest of pea, it also attacks kharif pulses; maggots attack young seeds inside the pods The same as for the gram podd borer
6. Pea semi-loopers; Plasia orichalcea Fabricius
P. nigrisigna Walker		 Polyphagous; moths with a golden patch on the forewings (P. orichalces); green caterpillars feed on leaves during December to March Hand-pick the larvae; dust 10% BHC or spray 0.05% Endosulfan or Monocrotophos
7. Blue butterfly, Cosmolyee baeticus Short pale-green caterpillers feed on the leaves, flowers and pods of pea. Hand pick the caterpillars, and spray 0.05% Endosulfan or Monocrotophos
8. Lucerne caterpillar, Laphygma exigua Hubner Occasionally a serious pest of pea; dark-brown moths lay eggs on the lower portion of the young plants; caterpillars feed on the leaves Collect and destroy eggs and larvae; dust 10% BHC or spray 0.05% Dicrotophos (DDVP) or Endosulfan
9. Gujhia weevil, Tanymecus indicus Faust See under wheat Same as in the case of wheat

SOYBEAN (Glycine max Merr.)

1. Stem-borer beetles : Oberea brevis Gahan Nupserha bicolor Thomson Pale brown longicorn beetles; grubs bore into the stems of growing plants Dust 10% BHC or spray 0.04% Monocrotophos
2. Leaf miner, Stomopteryx nerteria Meyrick See under groundnut Same as in the case of groundnut
3. Hairy caterpillar, Diacrisia obliqua Walker See under kharif pulses Same as in the case of kharif pulses
4. Lucerne caterpillar, Laphygma exigua Hubner See under rabi pulses Same as in the case of rabi pulses
5. Tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera litura Fabricius See under tobacco Same as in the case of tobacco
6. Stem fly, Melanagromyza phaseoli Coquilett See under kharif pulses Same as in the case of kharif pulses
7. Gray weevils: Myllocerus spp. Adults feed on leaves, nibbling the leaf margins in the initial stage Dust 4% carbaryl or 10% BHC
8. Aphids : Apis crassivora Koch
Lipaphis erysimi Kaltenbach		 See under kharif pulses

 

See under rape and mustard

 Same as in the case of kharif pulses
Same as in the case of rape and mustard
9. Jassids, Amrasca spp. See under cotton Spray 0.03% Phosphamidon, Monocrotophos, Methyl-demeton, Dimethoate, Diazinon



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    - Insect Pests of Crops
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